Ben Kirtman

Wu, R. G., and B. P. Kirtman, 2011: Caribbean Sea rainfall variability during the rainy season and relationship to the equatorial Pacific and tropical Atlantic SST. Climate Dynamics, 37, 1533-1550.

Solomon, A., and Coauthors, 2011: DISTINGUISHING THE ROLES OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENICALLY FORCED DECADAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY Implications for Prediction. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 92, 141-+.

Munoz, E., B. Kirtman, and W. Weijer, 2011: Varied representation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning across multidecadal ocean reanalyses. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58, 1848-1857.

Lee, S. K., and Coauthors, 2011: What caused the significant increase in Atlantic Ocean heat content since the mid-20th century? Geophysical Research Letters, 38.

Clement, A., B. Kirtman, and A. Pirani, 2011: CLIMATE LITERACY AS A FOUNDATION FOR PROGRESS IN PREDICTING AND ADAPTING TO THE CLIMATE OF THE COMING DECADES. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 92, 633-635.

NRC, 2010: Assessment of intraseasonal to interannual climate prediction and predictability.  The National Academies Press.

Jin, D. H., and B. P. Kirtman, 2010: The extratropical sensitivity to the meridional extent of tropical ENSO forcing. Climate Dynamics, 34, 935-951.

——, 2010: The impact of ENSO periodicity on North Pacific SST variability. Climate Dynamics, 34, 1015-1039.

Jin, D., and B. P. Kirtman, 2010: How the annual cycle affects the extratropical response to ENSO. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 115.

Hurrell, J. W., G. A. Meehl, D. Bader, T. L. Delworth, B. Kirtman, and B. Wielick, 2010: Comments on "A Unified Modeling Approach to Climate System Prediction" Reply. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 91, 1702-1703.

Brunet, G., and Coauthors, 2010: COLLABORATION OF THE WEATHER AND CLIMATE COMMUNITIES TO ADVANCE SUBSEASONAL-TO-SEASONAL PREDICTION. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 91, 1397-1406.

Yeh, S. W., and B. P. Kirtman, 2009: Internal Atmospheric Variability and Interannual-to-Decadal ENSO Variability in a CGCM. Journal of Climate, 22, 2335-2355.

Wu, R. G., B. P. Kirtman, and H. van den Dool, 2009: An Analysis of ENSO Prediction Skill in the CFS Retrospective Forecasts. Journal of Climate, 22, 1801-1818.

Wu, R. G., and B. P. Kirtman, 2009: Variability of El Niño-Southern Oscillation-related noise in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 114.

Wang, B., and Coauthors, 2009: Advance and prospectus of seasonal prediction: assessment of the APCC/CliPAS 14-model ensemble retrospective seasonal prediction (1980-2004). Climate Dynamics, 33, 93-117.

Schubert, S., and Coauthors, 2009: A US CLIVAR Project to Assess and Compare the Responses of Global Climate Models to Drought-Related SST Forcing Patterns: Overview and Results. Journal of Climate, 22, 5251-5272.

Meehl, G. A., and Coauthors, 2009: DECADAL PREDICTION Can It Be Skillful? Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 90, 1467-+.

Krishnamurthy, V., and B. P. Kirtman, 2009: Relation between Indian Monsoon Variability and SST. Journal of Climate, 22, 4437-4458.

Kirtman, B. P., D. M. Straus, D. H. Min, E. K. Schneider, and L. Siqueira, 2009: Toward linking weather and climate in the interactive ensemble NCAR climate model. Geophysical Research Letters, 36.

Kirtman, B. P., and D. Min, 2009: Multimodel Ensemble ENSO Prediction with CCSM and CFS. Monthly Weather Review, 137, 2908-2930.

Kirtman, B., and A. Pirani, 2009: The State of the Art of Seasonal Prediction Outcomes and Recommendations from the First World Climate Research Program Workshop on Seasonal Prediction. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 90, 455-458.

Jin, D., and B. P. Kirtman, 2009: Why the Southern Hemisphere ENSO responses lead ENSO. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 114.

Hurrell, J., G. A. Meehl, D. Bader, T. L. Delworth, B. Kirtman, and B. Wielicki, 2009: A UNIFIED MODELING APPROACH TO CLIMATE SYSTEM PREDICTION. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 90, 1819-1832.

DiNezio, P. N., A. C. Clement, G. A. Vecchi, B. J. Soden, and B. P. Kirtman, 2009: Climate Response of the Equatorial Pacific to Global Warming. Journal of Climate, 22, 4873-4892.

Wu, Z. H., E. K. Schneider, B. P. Kirtman, E. S. Sarachik, N. E. Huang, and C. J. Tucker, 2008: The modulated annual cycle: an alternative reference frame for climate anomalies. Climate Dynamics, 31, 823-841.

Wu, R. G., B. P. Kirtman, and K. Pegion, 2008: Local rainfall-SST relationship on subseasonal time scales in satellite observations and CFS. Geophysical Research Letters, 35.

Wu, R., B. P. Kirtman, and V. Krishnamurthy, 2008: An asymmetric mode of tropical Indian Ocean rainfall variability in boreal spring. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 113.

Stan, C., and B. P. Kirtman, 2008: The influence of atmospheric noise and uncertainty in ocean initial conditions on the limit of predictability in a coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 21, 3487-3503.

Pegion, K., and B. P. Kirtman, 2008: The Impact of Air-Sea Interactions on the Predictability of the Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation. Journal of Climate, 21, 5870-5886.

——, 2008: The Impact of Air-Sea Interactions on the Simulation of Tropical Intraseasonal Variability. Journal of Climate, 21, 6616-6635.

Misra, V., L. Marx, M. Fennessy, B. Kirtman, and J. L. Kinter, 2008: A comparison of climate prediction and simulation over the tropical Pacific. Journal of Climate, 21, 3601-3611.

Kallummal, R., and B. P. Kirtman, 2008: Validity of a Linear Stochastic View of ENSO in an ACGCM. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 65, 3860-3879.

Jin, E. K., and Coauthors, 2008: Current status of ENSO prediction skill in coupled ocean-atmosphere models. Climate Dynamics, 31, 647-664.

DelSole, T., M. Zhao, P. A. Dirmeyer, and B. P. Kirtman, 2008: Empirical Correction of a Coupled Land-Atmosphere Model. Monthly Weather Review, 136, 4063-4076.

Burgman, R. J., P. S. Schopf, and B. P. Kirtman, 2008: Decadal Modulation of ENSO in a Hybrid Coupled Model. Journal of Climate, 21, 5482-5500.

Yeh, S. W., B. P. Kirtman, and S. I. An, 2007: Local versus non-local atmospheric weather noise and the North Pacific SST variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 34.

Yeh, S. W., and B. P. Kirtman, 2007: ENSO amplitude changes due to climate change projections in different coupled models. Journal of Climate, 20, 203-217.

Wu, R. G., B. P. Kirtman, and K. Pegion, 2007: Surface latent heat flux and its relationship with sea surface temperature in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System simulations and retrospective forecasts. Geophysical Research Letters, 34.

Wu, R. G., and B. P. Kirtman, 2007: Observed relationship of spring and summer East Asian rainfall with winter and spring Eurasian snow. Journal of Climate, 20, 1285-1304.

——, 2007: Role of the Indian Ocean in the biennial transition of the Indian summer monsoon. Journal of Climate, 20, 2147-2164.

——, 2007: Regimes of seasonal air-sea interaction and implications for performance of forced simulations. Climate Dynamics, 29, 393-410.

Wu, R., and B. P. Kirtman, 2007: Roles of the Indian Ocean in the Australian summer monsoon-ENSO relationship. Journal of Climate, 20, 4768-4788.

Vikhliaev, Y., P. Schopf, T. Delsole, and B. Kirtman, 2007: Finding multiple basin modes in a linear ocean model. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 24, 1033-1049.

Vikhliaev, Y., B. Kirtman, and P. Schopf, 2007: Decadal North Pacific bred vectors in a coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 20, 5744-5764.

Misra, V., and Coauthors, 2007: Validating and understanding the ENSO simulation in two coupled climate models. Tellus Series a-Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 59, 292-308.

Yeh, S. W., and B. P. Kirtman, 2006: Origin of decadal El Niño-Southern Oscillation-like variability in a coupled general circulation model. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 111.

Wu, R. G., B. P. Kirtman, and K. Pegion, 2006: Local air-sea relationship in observations and model simulations. Journal of Climate, 19, 4914-4932.

Wu, R. G., and B. P. Kirtman, 2006: Changes in spread and predictability associated with ENSO in an ensemble coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 19, 4378-4396.

Meehl, G. A., J. M. Arblaster, D. M. Lawrence, A. Seth, E. K. Schneider, B. P. Kirtman, and D. Min, 2006: Monsoon regimes in the CCSM3. Journal of Climate, 19, 2482-2495.

Kug, J. S., B. P. Kirtman, and I. S. Kang, 2006: Interactive feedback between ENSO and the Indian Ocean in an interactive ensemble coupled model. Journal of Climate, 19, 6371-6381.

Klinger, B. A., B. H. Huang, B. Kirtman, P. Schopf, and J. D. Wang, 2006: Monthly climatologies of oceanic friction velocity cubed. Journal of Climate, 19, 5700-5708.

Yeh, S. W., and B. P. Kirtman, 2005: Pacific decadal variability and decadal ENSO amplitude modulation. Geophysical Research Letters, 32.

——, 2005: Near-annual SST variability in the Equatorial Pacific in a coupled general circulation model. Journal of Climate, 18, 4454-4473.

Wu, R. G., J. L. Kinter, and B. P. Kirtman, 2005: Discrepancy of interdecadal changes in the Asian region among the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis, objective analyses, and observations. Journal of Climate, 18, 3048-3067.

Schlosser, C. A., and B. P. Kirtman, 2005: Predictable skill and its association to sea-surface temperature variations in an ensemble climate simulation. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 110.

Kirtman, B. P., K. Pegion, and S. M. Kinter, 2005: Internal atmospheric dynamics and tropical indo-Pacific climate variability. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 62, 2220-2233.

——, 2004: The North Pacific Oscillation-ENSO and internal atmospheric variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 31.

——, 2004: Decadal North Pacific sea surface temperature variability and the associated global climate anomalies in a coupled general circulation model. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 109.

——, 2004: Tropical Pacific decadal variability and ENSO amplitude modulation in a CGCM. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 109.

Yeh, S. W., J. G. Jhun, I. S. Kang, and B. P. Kirtman, 2004: The decadal ENSO variability in a hybrid coupled model. Journal of Climate, 17, 1225-1238.

Wu, Z. H., E. K. Schneider, and B. P. Kirtman, 2004: Causes of low frequency North Atlantic SST variability in a coupled GCM. Geophysical Research Letters, 31.

Wu, R. G., and B. P. Kirtman, 2004: The tropospheric biennial oscillation of the monsoon-ENSO system in an interactive ensemble coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 17, 1623-1640.

——, 2004: Impacts of the Indian Ocean on the Indian summer monsoon-ENSO relationship. Journal of Climate, 17, 3037-3054.

——, 2004: Understanding the impacts of the Indian ocean on ENSO variability in a coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 17, 4019-4031.

Moon, B. K., S. W. Yeh, B. Dewitte, J. G. Jhun, I. S. Kang, and B. P. Kirtman, 2004: Vertical structure variability in the equatorial Pacific before and after the Pacific climate shift of the 1970s. Geophysical Research Letters, 31.

Hu, Z. Z., E. K. Schneider, U. S. Bhatt, and B. P. Kirtman, 2004: Potential mechanism for response of El Niño-Southern Oscillation variability to change in land surface energy budget. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 109.

Wu, R. G., and B. P. Kirtman, 2003: On the impacts of the Indian summer monsoon on ENSO in a coupled GCM. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 129, 3439-3468.

Wu, R. G., Z. Z. Hu, and B. P. Kirtman, 2003: Evolution of ENSO-related rainfall anomalies in East Asia. Journal of Climate, 16, 3742-3758.

Vernekar, A. D., B. P. Kirtman, and M. J. Fennessy, 2003: Low-level jets and their effects on the South American summer climate as simulated by the NCEP Eta Model. Journal of Climate, 16, 297-311.

Schneider, E. K., D. G. DeWitt, A. Rosati, B. P. Kirtman, L. Ji, and J. J. Tribbia, 2003: Retrospective ENSO forecasts: Sensitivity to atmospheric model and ocean resolution. Monthly Weather Review, 131, 3038-3060.

Nobre, P., S. E. Zebiak, and B. P. Kirtman, 2003: Local and remote sources of tropical atlantic variability as inferred from the results of a hybrid ocean-atmosphere coupled model. Geophysical Research Letters, 30.

Misra, V., P. A. Dirmeyer, and B. P. Kirtman, 2003: Dynamic downscaling of seasonal simulations over South America. Journal of Climate, 16, 103-117.

Krishnamurthy, V., and B. P. Kirtman, 2003: Variability of the Indian Ocean: Relation to monsoon and ENSO. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 129, 1623-1646.

Kirtman, B. P., 2003: The COLA anomaly coupled model: Ensemble ENSO prediction. Monthly Weather Review, 131, 2324-2341.

Misra, V., P. A. Dirmeyer, and B. P. Kirtman, 2002: A comparative study of two land surface schemes in regional climate integrations over South America. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 107.

Kirtman, B. P., and J. Shukla, 2002: Interactive coupled ensemble: A new coupling strategy for CGCMs. Geophysical Research Letters, 29.

Kirtman, B. P., Y. Fan, and E. K. Schneider, 2002: The COLA global coupled and anomaly coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM. Journal of Climate, 15, 2301-2320.

Kirtman, B. P., and E. K. Schneider, 2000: A spontaneously generated tropical atmospheric general circulation. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 57, 2080-2093.

Schneider, E. K., B. H. Huang, Z. X. Zhu, D. G. DeWitt, J. L. Kinter, B. P. Kirtman, and J. Shukla, 1999: Ocean data assimilation, initialization, and predictions of ENSO with a coupled GCM. Monthly Weather Review, 127, 1187-1207.

Schneider, E. K., R. S. Lindzen, and B. P. Kirtman, 1997: A tropical influence on global climate. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54, 1349-1358.

Kirtman, B. P., and S. E. Zebiak, 1997: ENSO simulation and prediction with a hybrid coupled model. Monthly Weather Review, 125, 2620-2641.

Kirtman, B. P., J. Shukla, B. H. Huang, Z. X. Zhu, and E. K. Schneider, 1997: Multiseasonal predictions with a coupled tropical ocean-global atmosphere system. Monthly Weather Review, 125, 789-808.

Kirtman, B. P., and D. G. DeWitt, 1997: Comparison of atmospheric model wind stress with three different convective parameterizations: Sensitivity of tropical Pacific Ocean simulations. Monthly Weather Review, 125, 1231-1250.

Kirtman, B. P., 1997: Oceanic Rossby wave dynamics and the ENSO period in a coupled model. Journal of Climate, 10, 1690-1704.

Lindzen, R. S., B. Kirtman, D. Kirkdavidoff, and E. K. Schneider, 1995: SEASONAL SURROGATE FOR CLIMATE. Journal of Climate, 8, 1681-1684.

Kirtman, B., A. Vernekar, D. Dewitt, and J. Zhou, 1993: IMPACT OF OROGRAPHIC GRAVITY-WAVE DRAG ON EXTENDED RANGE FORECASTS WITH THE COLA-GCM. Atmosfera, 6, 3-23.

Kirtman, B., and A. Vernekar, 1993: ON WAVE CISK AND THE EVAPORATION WIND FEEDBACK FOR THE MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50, 2811-2814.

Vernekar, A., B. Kirtman, J. Zhou, and D. Dewitt, 1992: OROGRAPHIC GRAVITY-WAVE DRAG EFFECTS ON MEDIUM-RANGE FORECASTS WITH A GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL. 295-307 pp.