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Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP) (3)
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Illness caused by eating shellfish that have fed on diatoms that produce the toxin domoic acid; symptoms include a decreased reaction to pain and short-term memory loss
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Algal bloom
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See Harmful Algal Bloom
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Anthropogenic
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Caused by the action of humans.
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Ciguatera poisoning (3)
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A human disease caused by eating certain tropical fish that contain the toxin ciguatoxin and its derivatives. The toxins are from dinoflagellates. Over 400 tropical fish species are implicated. Affects the gastrointestinal and neurological systems. The characteristic symptom is hot-cold reversal.
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Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) (3)
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Illness caused by eating shellfish that have fed on Dinophysis or Prorocentrum dinoflagellates which produce a suite of toxins, including okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins, and pectenotoxins; causes gastrointestinal disorders; not life threatening
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Dinoflagellate (3)
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Unicellular microorganism with two flagella (at some time during the life cycle). Transverse flagellum is located in a groove (cingulum) that divides the cell into two equal or subequal parts. The other flagellum is perpendicular to the transverse flagellum and extends towards the posterior. Two types: armored and unarmored. Approximately half photosynthesize. Class Dinophyceae, Phylum Pyrrhophyta
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Euthrophication
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The process in which a body of water becomes rich in nutrients, such as nitrates and phosphates. Eutrphication may trigger HAB's, or can stimulate the growth of harmful algae.
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Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB)
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A harmful algal bloom (HAB); refers to a bloom of toxic or harmful marine microorganisms that may color the water; toxins may also be released
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Red Tide (3)
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A harmful algal bloom (HAB); refers to a bloom of toxic or harmful marine microorganisms that may color the water; toxins may also be released
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Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP)(3)
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Illness caused by eating toxic shellfish; neurological symptoms include tingling, numbness and burning of lips and fingertips; in severe cases, respiratory paralysis can cause death within 24 hours; the toxins are saxitoxin and its derivatives
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Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP) (3)
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Illness caused by eating shellfish that have accumulated brevetoxin and its derivatives; not fatal; the main symptoms include tingling and/or numbness of the lips, tongue, throat, and hands and feet
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